A woman talks to a doctor while standing on one foot in a physical therapy office.

Ulcers

Ulcers, which are open sores in the skin, occur when the outer layers of the skin are injured and the deeper tissues become exposed.

Ulcers can be caused by excess pressure due to ill-fitting shoes, long periods in bed or after an injury that breaks the skin. They are commonly seen in patients living with diabetes, neuropathy or vascular disease. Open wounds can put patients at increased risk of developing infection in the skin and bones.

The signs and symptoms of ulcers may include drainage, odor or red, inflamed, thickened tissue. Pain may or may not be present.

Diagnosis may include X-rays to evaluate possible bone involvement. Other advanced imaging studies may also be ordered to evaluate for vascular disease, which may affect a patient’s ability to heal the wound.

Ulcers are treated by removing the unhealthy tissue and performing local wound care to assist in healing. Special shoes or padding may be used to remove excess pressure on the area. If infection is present, antibiotics will be necessary. In severe cases that involve extensive infection or are slow to heal, surgery or other advanced wound-care treatments may be necessary.

Call AFAS for an appointment if you have ulcers on your feet or lower legs.